UEC Demand Response and Electric Vehicle Charging: 现状和未来计划
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The Public Utility Regulatory Policies Act (PURPA) of 1978, as amended by the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act of 2021, (“IIJA 2021”) established new standards for (1) 需求响应实践，以及 (2) Electric Vehicle charging programs. PURPA法规要求umatila电力合作社(UEC)确定是否适合实施此类标准以实现PURPA的目的.
PURPA的目标仍然与1978年最初的法案中所述的目标相同，即鼓励 (1) Conservation of energy supplied by electric utilities. (2) Optimal efficiency of electric utility facilities and resources. (3) Equitable 利率 for electric consumers. 第一个目标侧重于零售能源用户，并促进终端用户的节能. The second goal applies to electric utilities, 他们对能源的使用, and the facilities they utilize to deliver energy. The third goal recognizes the need for proper development and administration of retail 利率, providing a check and balance relative to the other two goals, 为了使程序, 政策, 电力公司为实现前两个目标而采用的费率反映了它们的相关成本，并不是武断的, 不公平的, 或者过度歧视.
联邦立法预计，不受监管的电力公司，如UEC，在评估PURPA标准时需要考虑公用事业的具体条件和情况. 除了, 每个实用程序将通过实现两个新的PURPA标准来确定其实现PURPA目标的能力. 因为这个原因, with respect to each of the two PURPA standards, the Board may decide to implement the standard as stated in IIJA 2021, implement a modification of the standard, or decline to implement the standard. Subject to the receipt and review of additional evidence, 如果有任何, 下面的注释, 和建议涉及有关两个标准的一般考虑以及适用于UEC的具体问题和情况.
本大纲的目的是为UEC董事会提供信息和建议，以便他们根据适合UEC成员的调查结果决定是否实施这两项新标准.
关键的主题
UEC有几个组织和业务特点，这些特点将对委员会审议PURPA标准产生重大影响. First, UEC is member-owned and 因此 self-regulated. UEC’s member-owners elect the Board that establishes and oversees UEC’s 政策, 利率, 服务规则, 法规. UEC is a not-for-profit organization. 超过营业费用(利润率)的收入作为资本信贷分配给UEC成员. 在这种组织形式下, all costs associated with the programs, 政策, 而为实施《全球赌博靠谱十大网站》的标准而采用的费率，则全部由委员会成员承担.
对于需求响应, 该标准要求公用事业“促进商业需求响应和需求灵活性实践的使用”, 住宅和工业用户在需求异常高的时期减少用电量.“该标准将允许不受监管的公用事业公司建立费率机制，及时收回推广这种需求响应做法的成本.
For transportation electrification, the standard requires a utility to consider measures, including establishment of 利率 that:
- Promote affordable and equitable electric vehicle charging options for residential, 商业, and public electric vehicle charging infrastructure;
- Improve the customer experience associated with electric vehicle charging, including by reducing charging times for light-, 中期, 重型车辆;
- Accelerate third-party investment in electric vehicle charging for light-, 中期, 重型车辆; and
- 适当收回电动汽车供电和电动汽车充电基础设施的边际成本.
UEC serves a broad set of members that can be classified by their rate schedules. The rural system includes those members with peak demand not exceeding 10 MW. 这些包括住宅、小型和大型商业、灌溉和工业费率等级. 峰值需求大于10mw且满足Bonville Power Administration (BPA)指定为新大型单负荷(NLSL)的要求的成员被归类为“大型工业”。.
UEC通过与博纳维尔电力管理局(BPA)的所有要求义务，为农村系统购买大部分电力和传输服务。. BPA的电力成本结构有一个很小的基于需求的计费决定因素，仅占总成本的10%, therefore UEC’s fixed costs remain consistent throughout the year regardless of peak demand. 从BPA 2024-2025财政年度开始，UEC将从BPA购买为农村系统服务所需的所有电力. 农村系统成员的传输服务通过网络传输服务购买, which has a comparatively small demand-based billing rate ($/kW). 计费决定因素(kW)是根据农村系统每月的实际零售峰值负荷设置的, 因此, lowering demand in one month does not reduce the transmission cost in subsequent months. “低”成本和难以确定每月系统峰值大大降低了UEC通过实施DR计划降低其传输成本的能力.
对于较大的工业成员，UEC通过长期电力供应协议(PSA)和公开市场购买电力. The power costs are directly passed to qualifying large 工业 members. 这些购买是基于预测的能源使用，没有基于需求的计费决定因素.
需求响应计划和费率的实施不会显著降低UEC的批发电力供应或传输成本，这些成本将传递给其成员. 结果是, 任何需求响应计划和费率都不太可能在关键需求时期减少零售负荷.
根据UEC目前的EE计划, UEC offers a two-fold solution portfolio by providing rebates that focus on the (1) 机械方面和 (2) 结构方面. The programs targeting the mechanical component include a Level 2 EV charger, 智能恒温器, lighting and refrigeration systems, variable frequency drive (VFD) 灌溉 pumps, 暖通空调热泵, and heat pump water heater rebates. The programs targeting the structural element include weatherization rebates, energy-efficient manufactured home rebates, and access to free home energy assessments. 如果一个成员安装热泵或热水器比基本标准更有效和/或利用智能恒温器, 在用电高峰期，这些发电机组的用电量很可能比正常情况下要少. 确保一个成员的结构外壳尽可能紧密，也减少了能源的使用, potentially during peak demand times. UEC还鼓励安装热泵作为制造家庭更换计划的一部分. 热泵的使用将减少与空间加热相关的使用，否则将使用电阻热条.
另外, UEC offers rebates to its 商业, 工业, 灌溉, 农业成员鼓励在更换或安装新设备时选择更有效的选择. 这包括UEC继续鼓励其灌溉成员使用变频驱动器(vfd). Called the Scientific Irrigation Scheduling (SIS) Program, UEC认识到该计划的好处，并在2018年联邦资金停止后继续向其成员提供并资助该计划. 仅2022年一年, the SIS program assisted 17 irrigators in reducing water usage by 8,761英亩英尺，产出7,810,节省880千瓦时近40,000英亩土地. That equates to nearly 3 billion gallons of water – enough to fill 4,602个奥运会规模的游泳池，而这相当于565个全电动家庭一年所需的能源.
最后, UEC为拥有分布式发电设施的会员提供太阳能回扣和净计量. 太阳能光伏系统是UEC服务区域内主要的分布式能源. 太阳能光伏发电系统的发电剖面与高峰需求期相当吻合, helping to reduce the member’s usage, especially during peak demand periods.
UEC现有的和预期的未来能源效率措施旨在促进商业使用需求响应和需求灵活性实践, 住宅和工业用户在需求异常高的时期减少用电量. 联合电力委员会现有的做法足以促进其成员对需求作出反应，并符合计划的目标.
UEC积极致力于在其服务区域内推进电动汽车(EV)充电选择. 自2019年以来，UEC为在家中或企业安装2级充电器的会员提供200美元的回扣. 从2023年开始, UEC has solicited grant funding to offer an additional $1,000 rebate for up to 25 residential members that install a Level 2 charger. The cost to install a Level 2 charger, including the device and installation labor, 价格在750美元到2美元之间,500 depending on the condition of the premise. UEC的综合回扣为1美元,200美元提供了购买和安装二级充电器的总成本的很大一部分.
UEC还在评估电动汽车特定费率，为拥有和运营2级和3级充电设施的会员提供创新选择. 这些费率选择将有助于刺激电动汽车充电基础设施，同时确保这些高负荷设施适当地收回服务成本. 另外, UEC已经订购了用于车队运营的电动汽车，并正在考虑在总部安装2级充电器. 这些充电器将用于支持其电动汽车车队，并为公众提供另一个充电点. 除了轻型电动汽车, UEC还在探索如何通过增加智能电动PTO来操作重型斗式卡车的液压系统. 这些先进的斗式卡车使用大型电池为其固定运行提供动力，而不是使用内燃机, 节省燃油, 减少排放, and extending the operating life of the trucks.
UEC的服务区域处于有利地位，可以推动对额外电动汽车充电基础设施的投资. Two Interstate highways traverse the UEC territory. 在乌马蒂拉和莫罗县, there are a combined 237 registered EVs according to 俄勒冈州电动汽车仪表盘1. While there may only be a small number of UEC members that currently own EVs, it is highly likely that there are more EVs that travel through UEC’s service territory. UEC continues to investigate opportunities with state, 区域, 以及联邦机构确定电动汽车充电器的额外地点，并获得可用的拨款，以帮助刺激更多的地方投资. UEC的服务区域与主要交通要道对齐，为该地区带来了许多交通枢纽. 随着电动汽车行业迅速从轻型汽车扩展到卡车运输行业, UEC has had an opportunity to work with these heavy truck manufacturers, 配送中心, 以及未来的旅游中心，了解他们为商业车队提供电气化和服务的目标. UEC与这些商业卡车运输企业合作，为增加大型耗电商业充电基础设施做准备，使UEC了解所需配电系统升级的规模和时间.
UEC积极参与电动汽车充电领域，并不断积累电动汽车经验和机会，帮助会员进入电动汽车市场.
UEC现有的和预期的未来电动汽车充电计划旨在促进交通运输部门的更大电气化，影响其成员. The existing UEC programs specifically promote (a) affordable charging options, (b) improve customer experience with electric vehicle charging, and (c) accelerate third-party investment in electric vehicle charging. UEC的现有做法足以促进其成员的运输电气化，并符合PURPA的目标.
umatila电力合作社继续通过有效的能源效率和电动汽车充电计划为其成员提供支持，这些计划(a)鼓励使用经证明可以持续减少用电量的节能工具, and (b) promote electrification of transportation sector impacting the membership. UEC does not recommend implementing additional standards or practices at this time.